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Emerging Waste Contaminants Such as Macroplastics/Microplastics: Strategies to Combat Plastic Pollution
Summary
Researchers reviewed the environmental and biological impacts of both macroplastics and microplastics across habitats, comparing the visible infrastructure threats of large debris with the subtler but more pervasive harm microplastics cause to soil productivity, water quality, and organism physiology, and surveyed emerging remediation and prevention strategies.
Plastics are widespread contaminants that affect almost all life forms in different habitats. This chapter discusses two types of plastic pollution: macroplastics and microplastics (MPs). It provides information regarding 252the frequency of contact between flora, wildlife, and contaminants. Macroplastics, while being more visible, represent substantial threats not only to wildlife but also to human societies. Issues like clogged drainage systems, increasing waste, and overflowing landfills highlight the crucial need for fast and effective remediation technology. MPs, while less visible, have significantly more damaging effects on environmental and biological processes. These particles tend to collect in living organisms, affecting the nutrient cycle, soil productivity, and water quality. The chapter investigates both preventive methods and advanced technology solutions for tackling the widespread problem of plastic pollution, with a focus on new techniques to mitigate its negative environmental impacts.