Phyllosphere as a Signature of Microplastic Deposition in Peri-Urban Environments

Microplastic (MP) has become a pervasive environmental issue, and peri-urban environments are considered an emerging hotspot for deposition. The phyllosphere, comprising the aerial surfaces of plants, represents a unique ecological niche and could be a signature of MP contamination in such areas. This chapter explores the sources, deposition mechanisms, accumulation patterns, and ecological implications of MP load in the phyllosphere of peri-urban environments. We discuss the sources and transport pathways of MPs to peri-urban regions, highlighting the role of the phyllosphere in capturing and retaining these pollutants. Microbial and biochemical interaction mechanisms are also discussed. The ecological implications of MP contamination in the phyllosphere, along with its direct impact on plant health and associated microbial communities, are also reviewed in brief. Finally, we discuss policy management implications and future research directions to address MP pollution in peri-urban ecosystems and the well-being of natural resources.