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Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Impacts on Female Reproductive Health, Ovarian Function, and Genitourinary Disorders
Summary
Researchers reviewed evidence showing microplastics and nanoplastics accumulate in ovarian tissue, follicular fluid, and the female genitourinary tract, where they trigger oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and inflammation linked to reduced fertility, hormonal imbalance, and elevated risk of endometriosis.
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are detected in ovarian tissue, follicular fluid, placenta, and the female genitourinary tract. Exposure is linked to ovarian toxicity, hormonal imbalance, reduced fertility, and increased risk of endometriosis and other GU disorders through oxidative stress, inflammation, and endocrine disruption. This perspective examines the mechanisms and proposes interaction-mediated therapeutic strategies under the Cythera Bio platform as targeted interventions.