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Life-stage dependent responses to microplastics and 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in Daphnia magna

Research Square 2026
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Multiple stressors threaten freshwater ecosystems, including microplastic pollution and invasive species. The invasive Himalayan balsam, Impatiens glandulifera, releases allelochemicals, such as 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (2-MNQ), that can enter aquatic systems via runoff. While mic...

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