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Exploring public views on marine litter in Europe: Perceived causes, consequences and pathways to change
Summary
A survey of over 1,100 people across 16 European countries found that almost everyone (95%) sees litter when they visit the coast, and most people blame it on how products and packaging are designed, not just careless behavior or missing trash cans. Interestingly, people trust scientists and environmental groups most to fix the problem, even though they see companies and government as more responsible for causing it. This matters because marine litter breaks down into microplastics that end up in seafood and drinking water, so understanding what shapes public attitudes can help build support for policies that stop plastic pollution before it reaches our oceans and our plates.
Marine litter is a global challenge and society plays an important role via lifestyles and behaviour, including policy support. We analysed public perceptions of marine litter and contributing factors, using data from 1133 respondents across 16 European countries. People reported high levels of concern about marine litter, and the vast majority (95%) reported seeing litter when visiting the coast. The problem was attributed to product and packaging design and behaviour rather than lack of facilities or accidental loss of items. Retailers, industry and government were perceived as most responsible, but also least motivated and competent to reduce marine litter, whereas scientists and environmental groups were perceived as least responsible but most motivated and competent. Regression analyses demonstrated the importance of psychological factors such as values and social norms above sociodemographic variables. These findings are important for communications and interventions to reduce inputs of marine litter to the natural environment.