Microplastics in sediment of River Nun in the Niger Delta of Nigeria: abundance, distribution pattern and polymer types

This study investigates the abundance, distribution pattern, and polymer types of microplastics in sediments of River Nun, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Sediment samples were collected from six locations over six months (January–March and July–September 2024) and analyzed using standard methods. Results revealed a spatio-temporal variation in microplastic abundance, ranging from not detected to 174 particles/mg. Fragments (45–74%) were the most prevalent shapes, while fibres and beads varied across locations and seasons. Smaller particles (<1 mm) constituted 60–90%, reflecting advanced degradation. Polymer analysis identified five major types: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and nylon. Chemical analysis detected phthalates, including DiBP and DEHP, with peak concentrations of 69.11 ppm. These findings underline the pervasive nature of microplastic pollution and its ecological threats. This study provides critical baseline data for understanding microplastic dynamics in the Nun River ecosystems, emphasizing the need for waste management strategies and sustainable development initiatives in the Niger Delta of Nigeria.