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Toxicity of microplastics and nanoplastics
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This article summarizes current knowledge on the influence of micro and nanoplastics on environmental components and organisms. The review focuses on complex toxic effects and new ecotoxicological information on interactions between plastic particles and living organisms across different taxonomic groups.
The article summarizes the knowledge about the influence of micro and nanoplastics on environmental components. Attention is paid to a complex set of the main toxic effects of plastic particles on selected groups of environmental organisms, especially new information and interactions with living organisms that have the potential to cause ecotoxicological damage.
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This review provides new insights into how microplastics behave in the environment and their toxic effects on living organisms. Microplastics can absorb and carry other pollutants, making them more dangerous than the plastic alone, and their effects vary based on size, shape, and chemical composition. The review highlights that smaller particles, especially nanoplastics, pose the greatest risk because they can cross biological barriers and enter cells.
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