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The Health Impact of Fast Fashion: Exploring Toxic Chemicals in Clothing and Textiles

Encyclopedia 2025 2 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 58 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Vivian Christine Dourado Pinto, Meital Peleg Mizrachi

Summary

This review examines the hidden health risks of fast fashion, finding that modern clothing often contains hazardous chemicals including heavy metal dyes, antimicrobial agents that promote bacterial resistance, and synthetic fibers that shed microplastics. Evidence indicates these substances can contribute to chronic skin conditions, hormonal disruptions, and potential cancer risk through prolonged skin contact. The authors call for stricter regulation and safer textile technologies to protect consumers from chemical exposure through their clothing.

The fashion industry is widely recognized for its environmental challenges, but the health impacts related to textile toxicity remain significantly underexplored. Beyond the well-known issues of pollution and resource depletion, modern clothing often harbors a hidden threat: hazardous chemicals embedded within fabrics. These include dyes containing heavy metals, antimicrobial agents that foster bacterial resistance, and synthetic fibers that release microplastics. Unlike environmental discussions, the dialogue around the direct and long-term health effects of these substances is still limited. This entry addresses critical yet often-overlooked concerns, such as how chemicals in textiles contribute to chronic skin conditions, hormonal disruptions, and even carcinogenic risks. It also examines the proliferation of bacteria in synthetic garments, leading to dermatological infections and rapid fabric degradation. Furthermore, the globalized nature of production masks the contamination risks transferred from producer to consumer countries. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this entry highlights the urgent need for integrating scientific innovation, stringent regulation, and consumer awareness to mitigate health hazards in fashion. It calls for the adoption of safer textile technologies, sustainable materials, and transparent production practices, paving the way for a fashion future that prioritizes human health as much as environmental sustainability.

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