A Comprehensive Review of Plastic Recycling in the Construction Industry: Challenges and Opportunities in the U.S.

Plastic, owing to its strength and versatility, has become one of the most widely used synthetic materials globally. In the construction industry, plastics are essential for applications like pipes, insulation, membranes, and structural components. However, their extensive use poses significant environmental challenges, exacerbated by material contamination, mixed waste streams, economic disincentives, and insufficient regulatory frameworks. This study examines the recyclability of plastics used in the construction industry based on the Resin Identification Code classification system and identifies key barriers and opportunities for plastic recycling. Findings highlight technological advancements such as chemical and biological recycling, which offer potential solutions but remain constrained by high costs and infrastructure limitations. The study also underscores the need for enhanced training programs, policy interventions, and industry collaboration to improve plastic waste management. The results lay the groundwork for developing targeted training materials to enhance recycling practices and promote environmental stewardship. Training should educate stakeholders on the types of plastics used in the construction industry, practical methods for minimizing contamination, and leveraging advanced recycling technologies. By addressing these challenges, the study aims to foster a circular economy, reduce environmental impacts, and promote sustainable building practices.