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Plastic Waste Product Captures Carbon Dioxide in Nanometer Pores
Summary
Researchers thermally converted plastic waste in the presence of potassium hydroxide to produce activated carbon with nanometer-scale pores, demonstrating that the resulting material captures CO2 efficiently at room temperature and offers a dual-purpose solution to two major environmental problems.
Plastic waste (PW) and increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are among the top environmental concerns presently facing humankind. With an ambitious 2050 zero-CO2 emissions goal, there is a demand for economical CO2 capture routes. Here we show that the thermal treatment of PW in the presence of potassium acetate yields an effective carbon sorbent with pores width of 0.7–1.4 nm for CO2 capture. The PW to carbon sorbent process works with single or mixed streams of polyolefin plastics. The CO2 capacity of the sorbent at 25 °C is 17.0 ± 1.1 wt % (3.80 ± 0.25 mmol g–1) at 1 bar and 5.0 ± 0.6 wt % (1.13 ± 0.13 mmol g–1) at 0.15 bar, and it regenerates upon reaching 75 ± 5 °C. The CO2 capture cost from flue gas via this technology is estimated to be <$21 ton–1 CO2, much lower than competing CO2 capture technologies. Hence, this PW-derived carbon material should find utility in the capture of CO2 from point sources of high CO2 emissions while providing a use for otherwise deleterious PW.