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Entre macrófitas e microplásticos: dieta de Crustacea Decapoda Dilocarcinus pagei (Stimpson, 1861) e Trichodactylus petropolitanus (Göldi, 1886) na região do Pantanal de Cáceres – MT
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Researchers investigated the diet and microplastic ingestion of two freshwater crab species (Dilocarcinus pagei and Trichodactylus petropolitanus) in the Pantanal wetlands of Brazil, collecting 256 crabs from aquatic macrophyte banks and finding microplastics in their gut contents alongside organic matter and macrophyte material, suggesting potential disruption to crab physiology and trophic transfer to predators.
Caranguejos são abundantes no Pantanal e apresentam papel fundamental na cadeia trófica, pois fazem parte da dieta de mamíferos, aves, répteis e anfíbios dos ecossistemas pantaneiros. São encontrados, aproximadamente, 0.63 indivíduos/m² desses organismos no Pantanal, distribuídos em 6 espécies, entre elas, Dilocarcinus pagei (Stimpson, 1861) e Trichodactylus petropolitanus (Göldi, 1886). Esta pesquisa investigou a riqueza, abundância, morfologia e hábitos alimentares de caranguejos no Pantanal de Cáceres, sob influência urbana e área remota. As amostragens foram realizadas na Estação Ecológica de Taiamã (168 km de Cáceres) e no Rio Paraguai incorporado à paisagem da cidade de Cáceres - MT. As coletas foram feitas em bancos de macrófitas aquáticas usando tela de nylon de 2 m de comprimento x 1 m de largura. Ao todo, foram coletados 256 caranguejos sendo 226 pertencentes a espécie D. pagei e 20 da espécie T. petropolitanus. As duas espécies foram encontradas associadas às macrófitas Eichhornia crassipes e Eichhornia azurea, que formam bancos densos de plantas funcionando como locais de refúgio para os caranguejos em termos de abrigo, alimento e segurança contra predadores. Os organismos amostrados tiveram preferência, em sua base alimentar, por matéria orgânica, talo e raiz de macrófita. Adicionalmente, microplásticos e outros materiais particulados não identificados foram constatados no conteúdo alimentar, indicando prejuízo na dieta e na morfofisiologia dos caranguejos. Os nossos achados contribuem para elucidar a dieta de caranguejos no Pantanal e projetar os efeitos de poluentes, como os microplásticos, sobre esses organismos e na cadeia trófica aquática, podendo atingir a saúde humana.
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