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Metabolomics Approach in Environmental Studies: Methodologies, Application and Challenges
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This review examines how metabolomics, the study of small molecules in biological systems, is being applied to environmental research to understand how chemical pollutants including microplastics affect organism metabolism. The study highlights metabolomics as a valuable tool for assessing the biological effects of environmental exposures at the molecular level, helping researchers identify biomarkers of pollutant exposure in both wildlife and humans.
Metabolomics is the study of low molecular weight compounds, both endogenous and exogenous, present in an organism's cells, tissues, or biological fluids. In recent years it has gained significant attention in environmental research for assessing different environmental exposures-primarily chemical pollutants-affect the metabolism of organisms, including humans. Metabolomics has therefore emerged as a crucial technique in exposome investigations, enabling the exploration of molecular-level biological effect of xenobiotics. This review highlights recent applications of metabolomics in evaluating the environmental impacts of disturbances such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, nanoparticles, polychlorinated biphenyls, heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, microplastics and changes in naturally occurring compounds with an emphasis on humans, microorganisms, aquatic organisms, plants and soils. It also provides an overview of analytical technologies and recent advances in the field of ecometabolomics. Furthermore, the review acknowledges persistent challenges including sample heterogeneity, complex matrix, data overload, methodological variability, communication barriers and regulatory hurdles. Despite these challenges, metabolomics holds substantial promise in environmental applications.
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This review explores how metabolomics, a technique for analyzing small molecules in biological systems, is being used to understand how microplastic exposure affects living organisms at the biochemical level. The authors examine both targeted and untargeted metabolomics approaches that can reveal changes in metabolic pathways caused by microplastic pollution. The study suggests that metabolomics could become a powerful tool for identifying early biomarkers of microplastic-related health effects.
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This review examines how scientists use metabolomics, the study of small molecules produced by cellular processes, to understand the toxic effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on living organisms. The research shows that these plastic particles disrupt metabolism in consistent ways across species, affecting energy production, fat processing, and amino acid pathways. These shared metabolic disruptions across different organisms suggest that microplastics could cause similar metabolic problems in humans.
Metabolomics-Based Insights Into the Toxicological Effects and Mechanisms of Microplastics: A Comprehensive Review.
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This review of existing research shows that microplastics—tiny plastic particles found everywhere in our environment—can harm multiple body systems including the gut, brain, and reproductive organs. Scientists used a technique called metabolomics (studying how our body processes chemicals) to discover that microplastics disrupt normal metabolism, potentially affecting everything from digestion and brain function to fertility and child development. This research helps explain why microplastic pollution may be a serious health threat that requires urgent attention and solutions.
Multi-Omics Approach on the Ecotoxicological Assessment of Microplastics
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This review examines the application of multi-omics approaches — including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics — to the ecotoxicological assessment of microplastics in living organisms. The authors synthesize how these integrated molecular tools are advancing understanding of the mechanistic pathways by which microplastics disrupt biological systems, offering a more comprehensive picture than single-endpoint toxicity studies.
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