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Study of Water Quality and Microplastic Contamination in the Nam Khan River, Luang Prabang District, Luang Prabang Province
Original title: ສກສາຄນະພາບນຳ ແລະ ການປນເປອນຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕກໃນສາຍນຳຄານເມອງຫວງພະບາງ ແຂວງຫວງພະບາງ
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This study assessed water quality and microplastic contamination in urban waterways in Luang Prabang, Laos, providing baseline data for a developing-nation context. Microplastics were detected across sampled sites, reflecting broader patterns of plastic pollution in Southeast Asian water systems. The findings highlight the need for improved waste management infrastructure in rapidly urbanizing areas of the region.
ການສຶກສາຄຸນະພາບນ້ຳ ແລະ ການປົນເປື້ອນຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາ ສຕິກໃນສາຍນ້ຳຄານ ເມືອງຫຼວງພະບາງ ແຂວງຫຼວງພະບາງ ມີ 3 ຈຸດປະສົງຄື: 1.) ເພື່ອກວດສອບຄຸນະພາບນ້ຳສາຍນ້ຳຄານ ເມືອງຫຼວງພະບາງ ນະຄອນຫຼວງພະບາງ. 2.) ເພື່ອສຶກສາປະລິ ມານທາງດ້ານກາຍະພາບ (ສີ, ຮູບຮ່າງ, ຂະໜາດ) ຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກທີ່ປົນເປື້ອນໃນນໍ້າ ເຂດສາຍນ້ຳຄານ ເມືອງຫຼວງພະບາງ ນະຄອນ ຫຼວງພະບາງ 3.) ເພື່ອສຶກສາຫາຊະນິດຂອງໄມໂຄຣ ປລາສຕິກທີ່ປົນເປື້ອນໃນນໍ້າ ເຂດສາຍນ້ຳຄານ ເມືອງຫຼວງພະບາງ ນະຄອນ ຫຼວງພະບາງ. ໃນການວິເຄາະຫາປະລິມານຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກແມ່ໃຊ້ວິທີການສ່ອງຜ່ານກ້ອງStereo Microscopes-Stemi 508 ແລະ ວິເຄາະຫາຊະນິດຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກແມ່ນໄດ້ນຳໃຊ້ວິທິການຊອກຫາດ້ວຍເຄື່ອງມື FT-IR (Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy).ຜົນການສຶກສາຄຸນນະພາບນ້ຳເຫັນວ່າ ຕົວຊີ້ວັດຄຸນນະພາບນໍ້າ ຄື: Temp, EC, DO, TDS, pH, TSS, SO42-, PO43-, NO3- ແມ່ນມີຄ່າຢູ່ໃນມາດ ຕະຖານສິ່ງແວດລ້ອມແຫ່ງຊາດ (2017), ແລະ ຍັງມີ 1 ຕົວຊີ້ວັດຄືຄ່າ ຄວາມຕ້ອງການອອກຊີເຈນທາງເຄມີ (COD) ທັງ 4 ຈຸດ ມີຄ່າເກີນມາດຕະຖານສິ່ງແວດລ້ອມແຫ່ງຊາດ (2017), ແຕ່ຍັງຢູ່ໃນເກນUS. EPA. 2012 Surface Water Standard ທີ່ໄດ້ກໍານົດໄວ້ ສະແດງວ່າ ຄຸນນະພາບນ້ຳໃນສາຍນ້ຳຄານແມ່ນສາມາດນຳໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການອຸປະໂພກໄດ້ເຊັ່ນ: ການປູກຝັງ, ລ້ຽງສັດ ຫຼື ການກະສິກຳຕ່າງໆໄດ້ ແຕ່ຖ້າຈະນຳໃຊ້ນ້ຳດັງກ່າວເຂົ້າມາໃຊ້ໃນຄົວເຮືອນ ຄວນມີການກັ່ນຕອງຫຼືບຳບັດກ່ອນການນຳໃຊ້. ຜົນການກວດສອບໄມໂຄປລາສະຕິກພົບວ່າ: ປະລິມານຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກໃນນໍ້າຕົວຢ່າງທັງໝົດຈາກ 4 ຈຸດ ທັງ 2 ລະດູ ພົບຫຼາຍກວ່າໝູ່ແມ່ນຢູ່ຈຸດທີ 2, ໃນນັ້ນຮູບຮ່າງຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກທີ່ວິເຄາະໄດ້ພົບວ່າມີ 5 ຮູບ ແບບ, ສ່ວນສີລະດູແລ້ງ ພົບວ່າມີ 5 ສີ ສ່ວນລະດູຝົນກວດພົບ 7 ສີ, ຂະໜາດມີທັງ 5 ລະດັບ ແລະ ຊະນິດຂອງໄມໂຄປລາສຕິກພົບໃນລະດູແລ້ງມີ 5 ຊະນິດ ແຕ່ພົບໃນລະດູຝົນ 7 ຊະ ນິດ, ໂດຍພົບຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດລະດູແລ້ງແມ່ນໂພລີເອັສເຕີ (Polyester) ປະມານ 33.33% ຂອງຊະ ນິດໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກທັງໝົດໃນນໍ້າ ແລະ ລະດູ ຝົນພົບຫຼາຍສຸດແມ່ນ ເຊລໂລເຟນ (Cellophane). ດັ່ງນັ້ນ, ການພົບເຫັນວ່າມີປະລິມານໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກຈໍານວນຫຼາຍຢູ່ໃນນໍ້າ ນັ້ນແຫຼ່ງທີ່ມາຂອງໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກອາດມາຈາກການປົນເປື້ອນຂອງນໍ້າເປື້ອນຈາກຄົວເຮືອນ, ຊຸມຊົນໃກ້ຄຽງ ແລະ ກິດ ຈະກຳຕ່າງໆ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ການຖິ້ມຂີ້ເຫຍື້ອປລາສຕິກລົງແຫຼ່ງນໍ້າເປັນເວລາດົນສາມາດເກີດອອກຊິເດເຊິນດ້ວຍວິທີ photo biodegradable ໄດ້, ເມື່ອປລາສຕິກຖືກຍ່ອຍສະຫຼາຍນັ້ນກະທົບກັບແສງແດດຈຶ່ງກາຍໄປເປັນໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກທີ່ມີຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ແລະ ເກີດການສະສົມຢູ່ໃນຕ່ອງໂສ້ອາຫານຂອງສິ່ງທີ່ມິຊີວິດໄດ້ນັ້ນກໍຄື: ສັດນໍ້າ ແລະ ພືດ ທີ່ເມື່ອຄົນບໍລິໂພກເຂົ້າໄປຈະເຮັດໃຫ້ຄົນເຮົາໄດ້ຮັບໄມໂຄຣປລາສຕິກເຂົ້າສະສົມໃນຮ່າງກາຍອີກດ້ວຍ.
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