Microplastics to Metabolomics: Understanding the environmental and health implications of plastic pollution

Microplastics (MPs) are composed of solid plastic fragments that are smaller than 5 mm and are insoluble in water. MPs have acquired more attention in recent years, due to their pervasiveness in the environment. There are worries regarding the potential health effects of these particles on humans because they have been discovered in various food products and water sources. So, a comprehensive method for researching the biochemical effects of MP exposure is provided by metabolomics, an analytical technique that is useful for analyzing metabolites within biological systems. This review explores the application of metabolomics to the investigation of the biological consequences of Microplastic (MP) pollution. It looks at metabolomics methods, both targeted and untargeted, that offer a thorough examination of the metabolites impacted by MP exposure. The review also examines the potential health risks—such as oxidative stress, immune system disruption, and metabolic problems—associated with MP exposure. It highlights the need for additional study to elucidate the long-term health consequences of MP exposure. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the biological effects of MP contamination and its wider ecological and health implications by combining metabolomics with environmental research. • Microplastics and its diffusion into food chain • Metabolomics as a Tool for Understanding Impacts • Microplastics associated risk and disorder • Detection techniques for MPs contamination