Assessment of the Level of Pollution of the Aquatic Ecosystem of Lake Markakol with Mobile Forms of Copper and Zinc

The purpose of the study is to conduct toxicological analysis to assess the degree of accumulation of heavy metals and micro-and macroplastic particles in the aquatic environment of the lake in the system "water-bottom sediments".The method of spectrometric atomic absorption analysis was used during the study.Detection of high concentrations of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the surface layer up to 1.5 and 1.3 times, in the bottom layer up to 1.3 and 1.4 times, respectively, indicated exceeding the norms of maximum permissible concentrations for fishery purposes.High values of metals in the surface water layer were registered in deep-water areas of the lake Markakol, and in the bottom layer, high values are concentrated in shallow areas and in the river confluence zones.High Cu concentrations were recorded in shallow areas of the lake, at depths from 2.7 m -10.2 mg/kg to 4.7 m -8.9 mg/kg, 7.9 m -12.3 mg/kg.Cu values in deep water bottom sediments were much lower, at 20.4 m -2.8 mg/kg, 21.1 m -2.6 mg/kg, 21.6 m -6.6 mg/kg.A similar distribution pattern in bottom sediments was observed for Zn.High concentrations of Zn were recorded in shallow areas, from 154 mg/kg at 2.7 m depth, to 439 mg/kg -4.6 m, this may be due to an increase in the proportion of their bioavailable forms in the water column, which would be harmful to all hydrobionts.The results of the study can be used in practice by ecologists in order to develop and implement measures to improve the ecological state of the ecosystem of Lake Markakol.