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Innovative Approaches for Minimizing Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs) in Water Treatment: Challenges and Trends
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Researchers reviewed nearly 10,000 studies on disinfection byproduct (DBP) reduction in water treatment, finding that advanced oxidation processes, membrane filtration, optimized chlorine dosing, and AI-driven process control can collectively minimize the toxic byproducts formed when chlorine reacts with organic matter in drinking water.
Growing concerns over public health and environmental safety have intensified the focus on minimizing harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in water treatment. Traditional methods like chlorination, while effective against pathogens, often lead to the formation of DBPs, which pose significant risks. This paper explores alternative strategies to reducing DBP formation while ensuring effective disinfection. The methodology involved a bibliographic study conducted through the Scopus platform, using appropriate keywords. The initial search yielded 9576 articles from the period 2020 to 2024. The key approaches identified include advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as UV/H2O2 and ozone, which mineralize natural organic matter (NOM) and minimize chemical use and sludge production; membrane-based filtration systems, like reverse osmosis, effectively removing contaminants without chemical disinfectants, reducing DBP risks. Furthermore, conventional processes, such as coagulation and filtration, serve as crucial pretreatment steps to lower NOM levels before disinfection. Additionally, optimizing chlorine dosing, using non-chlorine disinfectants, and employing post-disinfection methods like adsorption and biological filtration further mitigate DBP formation. Finally, the integration of artificial intelligence in process optimization is emerging as a promising tool for enhancing treatment efficiency and safety. This research contributes to the development of safer, more sustainable water treatment solutions, addressing regulatory demands and public health objectives.
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